Koers - Bulletin for Christian Scholarship
type: channel
description: Koers is an accredited scholarly journal that strives to promote foundational reflection in science. This research includes contemplation of the philosophical presuppositions of scientific disciplines, as well as reflection on the role of worldview in science. The Koers Association, as the official body, has been in existence since 1926. The Koers: Bulletin for Christian Scholarship is the association’s interdisciplinary and peer-reviewed journal which has appeared quarterly since 1935. Koers promotes the development of Christian scholarship/science in all fields of science and publishes original (mainly reflective) research contributions with an integrated worldview as the foundation. We provide a platform for authors to engage constructively and critically with Christian scholarly/scientific points of view in all fields of science. Editor-in-Chief: Professor Annette Combrink, North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa. Financial support and affiliation: Koers Association (South Africa).
publisher: Scriber Editorial Systems
language: en
publication name: Koers - Bulletin for Christian Scholarship
issn: 0023-270X
copyright: Copyright information Ownership of copyright in terms of the Work remains with the authors. The authors retain the non-exclusive right to do anything they wish with the Work, provided attribution is given to the place and detail of original publication, as set out in the official citation of the Work published in the journal. The retained right specifically includes the right to post the Work on the authors’ or their institutions’ websites or institutional repositories. Publication and user license The authors grant the title owner and the publisher an irrevocable license and first right and perpetual subsequent right to (a) publish, reproduce, distribute, display and store the Work in any form/medium, (b) to translate the Work into other languages, create adaptations, summaries or extracts of the Work or other derivative works based on the Work and exercise all of the rights set forth in (a) above in such translations, adaptations, summaries, extracts and derivative works, (c) to license others to do any or all of the above, and (d) to register the Digital Object Identifier (DOI) for the Definitive Work. The authors acknowledge and accept the user licence under which the Work will be published as set out in https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (Creative Commons Attribution License South Africa) The undersigned warrant that they have the authority to license these publication rights and that no portion of the copyright to the Work has been assigned or licensed previously to any other party. Disclaimer: The publisher, editors and title owner accept no responsibility for any statement made or opinion expressed by any other person in this Work. Consequently, they will not be liable for any loss or damage sustained by any reader as a result of his or her action upon any statement or opinion in this Work. In cases where a manuscript is NOT accepted for publication by the editorial board, the portions of this agreement regarding the publishing licensing shall be n…
items: A Critical Assessment of the South African Intelligence Agency
items: 'n Reformatoriese benadering tot die Opvoedingsfilosofie: Uitdagings vir nou en vir die toekoms
items: Adrio König oor die doel van die openbaring van die wederkoms
items: Lecturers as redemptive change agents supporting students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at higher educational institutions
items: Reformed Confessionalism and the Belhar Confession
items: Calvinus Africanus
items: Kuyperania in 2021and 2023
items: Gelykheid as rewolusionêre begrip by die ANC en Groen van Prinsterer:
items: Egbert Schuurman: Reformational Philosopher of Technology
items: Die Volkeregtelike Status van die Afgevaardigdes dan die Boererepublieke by die Vrede van 31 Mei 1902
items: The environmental crisis: A religious solution?
items: ’n Reformatoriese Kindbeskouing: In watter mate kom dit tot sy reg in die Suid-Afrikaanse Onderwysreg en -Jurisprudensie?
items: “The poor man’s son” and Adam Smith’s theory of beauty
items: Forming Learners Through Citizenship Education to Recognise and Counter Lawlessness in their Surroundings
items: Spirituality in the workplace in South Africa:
items: Emma Renzi: Van operasangeres tot sangpedagoog:
items: The challenges of principals' dual roles in South African public schools
items: Die histories-teoretiese verband tussen postmodernisme en marxistiese epistemologie: ’n Christelike perspektief
items: Collaborative conversations with teachers about hope: during and after Covid-19
items: Kuyperania 2022
items: Gereformeerde pietisme, neoplatonisme en pre-Romantieke teodisee in die Voortrekkervrou Susanna Smit (1799-1863) se godsdienstige dagboeke
items: Die rapportering van beserings in Meganiese Tegnologie-skoolwerkswinkels met die oog op die skep van `n geborgenheidsruimte vir die leerders.
items: A public health ethics framework for the older community
items: Abraham Kuyper and Natural Theology
items: Habermas and the Caring Society: A Trans-disciplinary Feminist Critique
items: The Trinity, Sexuality, and Gender In Sarah Coakley's Thought
items: Generaal JH De La Rey in Mei 1902:
items: Workplace spirituality
items: Bridging the Divide in Cultural Capital?
items: Contemporary Orang Lom of Mapur Bangka: Religious Identity and its Transformation

A Critical Assessment of the South African Intelligence Agency
type: item
description: This article analyses the state of the intelligence community (IC) in the South African context to determine whether the IC is a failure or whether it is a total disaster. Due to a failed, insufficient intelligence system, the current world order has been severely disrupted by two wars. In this regard, the focus is in particular on the situation in the Middle East, where Israel and the Palestinian group HAMAS are currently involved in a war. According to a Reuters report (Nakhoul & Saul, 2023), Israel was caught off guard by the HAMAS attack on 7 October 2023, and several people have died since then. These types of violent incidents recall the violent riots/protests in South Africa in July 2021, where the severe action of the people involved overpowered the South African Police Service (SAPS) and South African intelligence services. These protest actions / riots inflicted billions of rand in infrastructure damage, and hundreds of people died. The Expert Panel, appointed by the President of South Africa in July 2021, commented as follows on this protest action: “The question, many argue, is not if and whether more unrest and violence will occur, but when it will occur.” (Presidency, 2021) A conceptualised intelligence risk management framework (IRMF) is used to analyse the IC of South Africa, with a specific focus on the State Security Agency (SSA). The article aims to explore, describe, and analyse the status and activities from a democratically based framework. Furthermore, the article aims to evaluate the failures of the past decades and draw conclusion regarding the current status of intelligence agencies or services in South Africa. This analysis will determine whether the IC is ready and capable of addressing these types of threats and risks in the future. Opsomming Hierdie artikel ontleed die stand van die intelligensiegemeenskap (IM) in die Suid-Afrikaanse konteks om te bepaal of die intelligensiegemeenskap ŉ mislukking of ŉ volslae ramp is. Vanweë ŉ mislukte…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: intelligence community (IC)
  topic: keywords
subject: intelligence failure
  topic: keywords
subject: intelligence risk management framework (IRMF)
  topic: keywords
subject: risk management (RM)
  topic: keywords
subject: South Africa
  topic: keywords
creator: F.G. Loubser
creator: Andre Duvenhage
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Rudolf Loubser, Andre Duvenhage https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-09-26
publication date: 2025-09-26
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2640

'n Reformatoriese benadering tot die Opvoedingsfilosofie: Uitdagings vir nou en vir die toekoms
type: item
description: Hierdie artikel beliggaam die outeur se perspektief op die ontwikkeling van die reformatoriese benadering tot die opvoedingsfilosofie in Suid-Afrika, vanaf die middel van die 19de eeu tot en met 2024. Dit begin deur die grondleggende werk van baanbrekersfigure soos professore J Chr Coetzee en HJJ Bingle uit te lig. Die oorsig volg dan die gestadigde agteruitgang van hierdie benadering vanaf ongeveer 1969, toe Suid-Afrikaanse opvoedingsfilosowe hulle toenemend na alternatiewe paradigmas soos pragmatisme, fenomenologie en postmodernisme begin wend het. Hierdie ideologiese skuif het gelei tot ’n afname in die invloed van die reformatoriese tradisie onder beide universiteitsdosente en studente. Deur op drie sleutelstudies te steun, elk met ’n unieke perspektief, spoor die artikel na hoe hierdie transformasie oor ses dekades ontvou het. Die koms van ’n volledig-demokratiese Suid-Afrika in 1994 wat tot grootskaalse hervormings in skool- en universiteitsopvoeding gelei het, het die wending na sekulêre humanisme verder versnel. As gevolg hiervan is die reformatoriese opvoedingsfilosofie in die praktyk na die privaat sfeer verplaas. Hierdie verwikkeling plaas die verantwoordelikheid op opvoedingsfilosowe in private hoëronderwysinstellings om die reformatoriese opvoedingsfilosofiese nalatenskap voort te dra waar vorige geslagte daarmee opgehou het. This article examines the author’s perspective on the development of the reformational approach to the philosophy of education in South Africa, from the mid-19th century through to 2024. It begins by highlighting the foundational work of early pioneering educationists such as Professors J Chr Coetzee and HJJ Bingle. The overview then follows the decline of this approach from around 1969, as South African philosophers of education increasingly turned to alternative paradigms, such as pragmatism, phenomenology, and postmodernism. This ideological shift led to a noticeable decrease in the influence of the reformational tradition among…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: fenomenologie
  topic: keywords
subject: filosofie van die opvoeding
  topic: keywords
subject: hoër onderwys
  topic: keywords
subject: postmodernisme
  topic: keywords
subject: pragmatisme
  topic: keywords
subject: private hoëronderwysinstansies
  topic: keywords
subject: reformatoriese benadering
  topic: keywords
creator: Prof JL vd Walt Prof JL vd Walt
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Prof JL vd Walt https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-10-10
publication date: 2025-10-10
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2635

Adrio König oor die doel van die openbaring van die wederkoms
type: item
description: Hierdie artikel ondersoek of die vraag na die telos (doel) van die openbaring van Christus se wederkoms in die Nuwe Testament as ’n dogmatiese kwessie beskou moet word. Vorige navorsing deur Van Rhyn (2017) het die telos vanuit ’n eksegeties-openbaringshistoriese perspektief behandel. Hierdie studie fokus egter op die teologie van Adrio König, veral soos in The eclipse of Christ in eschatology (1989) uiteengesit, om vas te stel of sy teologiese raamwerk ’n dogmatiese uitleg van die vraag ondersteun. König se Christosentriese eskatologie, wat hy as ’n “teleologiese Christologie” beskryf, beeld Christus uit as die eschatos en telos van die geskiedenis. Sy verwoording van die drie wyses van Christus se koms (vir ons, in ons, met ons) integreer die wederkoms met God se verbondsmatige verlossingsdoelwitte. Die artikel kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat König se teologie, wat hy self as teleologies of doelgedrewe tipeer, duidelik impliseer dat God se telos met die openbaring van die wederkoms sake soos vermaning, vertroosting, hoop, waarskuwing en verbondsvervulling op die oog het. Hierdie teloi funksioneer sowel kerugmaties as pastoraal ten opsigte van gelowiges en ongelowiges. Die studie bevestig dat die openbaring van Christus se wederkoms nie bloot informatief is nie: Dit is diep teologies van aard, en daarom vorm dit ’n geldige onderwerp van dogmatiese besinning. Abstract This article explores whether the question regarding the telos (goal) of the revelation of Christ’s second coming in the New Testament should be regarded as a dogmatic issue. Previous research by Van Rhyn (2017) addressed the telos from an exegetical-revelatory historical perspective. This study, however, engages the theology of Adrio König, especially as presented in The eclipse of Christ in eschatology (1989), to determine whether his theological framework supports a dogmatic interpretation of the question. König’s Christocentric eschatology, described as “teleological Christology”, frames Christ as t…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Telos
  topic: keywords
subject: eskatologie
  topic: keywords
subject: teleologies
  topic: keywords
subject: wederkoms
  topic: keywords
subject: eindtyd
  topic: keywords
creator: H.P. Malan Van Rhyn
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 H.P. Malan Van Rhyn https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2631

Lecturers as redemptive change agents supporting students with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at higher educational institutions
type: item
description: Teaching diverse students, including those with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), embodies the biblical call to nurture each individual as made in the image of God. This study focused on the lecturer as a redemptive change agent to meet the needs of students with ASD in higher education from a Reformational Christian perspective. Higher education institutions have increasing numbers of students with ASD due to a greater focus on inclusivity, thus necessitating attention to lecturers’ roles to support these students. The study adopted a qualitative approach utilising document analysis. Purposive sampling was used to select documents appropriate and relevant to this study. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data. Three themes emerged from the findings: lecturers as prophets, priests, and kings. Theme one focused on lecturers and their institutional preparedness as prophets to support students with ASD. Theme two included lecturers’ teaching approaches and adaptation in their roles as priests to support students with ASD. Finally, theme three focused on the institutional support system, where lecturers assume the role of kings to support students with ASD. Based on the findings, the following conclusion is made: As redemptive agents of change, lecturers’ teaching approaches should be empathetic, flexible, and adaptable in order to support students with ASD successfully. Lecturers’ faith should inspire them to emulate Christ’s compassion and grace. Putting Christ at the centre of each lecturer’s life will positively influence students with ASD and assist in creating a more supportive and inclusive environment. The findings, obtained by means of a thorough document analysis, can help develop Christ-centred guidelines for supporting lecturers on how to become redemptive change agents in higher education. Dosente as verlossende veranderingsagente ter ondersteuning van studente met outismespektrum-versteuring (OSV) in hoëronderwysinstellings Om diverse studente…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Autism Spectrum Disorder
  topic: keywords
subject: Document Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Redemptive Change Agents
  topic: keywords
subject: Student Support
  topic: keywords
subject: higher education
  topic: keywords
creator: Danette Loubser
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Danette Loubser https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-10-24
publication date: 2025-10-24
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2626

Reformed Confessionalism and the Belhar Confession
type: item
description: The Belhar Confession is a modern confession that addresses issues of race, culture and socioeconomics. It originated from the Dutch Reformed Mission Church’s rejection of apartheid theology and has been adopted by other Reformed denominations, in and beyond Africa, alongside the historical Reformed confessions of the Three Forms of Unity and the Westminster Standards. This article examines whether the Belhar Confession can be subscribed without conflict alongside these historical Reformed confessions. Three common positions taken on confessional subscription are outlined: non-, quia and quatenus subscription. Then, the propositional compatibility of Belhar with the historical confessions is analysed, and potential conflicts in ecclesiology, as well as the doctrines of reconciliation and poverty, are identified. These potential conflicts are realised with quia subscription but are avoidable with quatenus subscription. Opsomming Die Belydenis van Belhar is ’n moderne belydenisskrif wat kwessies rakende ras, kultuur en sosio-ekonomiese geregtigheid aanroer. Hierdie belydenis het ontstaan uit die Nederduitse Gereformeerde Sendingkerk se verwerping van die apartheidsteologie en is deur verskeie gereformeerde denominasies, binne en buite Afrika, aanvaar, naas die histories gereformeerde belydenisskrifte van die Drie Formuliere van Eenheid en die Westminster Standaarde. Hierdie studie ondersoek of die Belydenis van Belhar sonder konflik saam met die histories gereformeerde belydenisskrifte onderskryf kan word. Drie algemene benaderings tot konfessionele onderskrywing word onderskei: nie-onderskrywing, quia onderskrywing en quatenus onderskrywing. Vervolgens word die proposisionele versoenbaarheid van die Belydenis van Belhar met die historiese belydenisskrifte ontleed, en potensiële konflikpunte rakende ekklesiologie, betreffende die leerstellings oor versoening sowel as armoede, word geïdentifiseer. Hierdie konflikte kom na vore by quia onderskrywing, maar kan vermy word…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Belhar Confession
  topic: keywords
subject: ecclesiology
  topic: keywords
subject: reconciliation theology
  topic: keywords
subject: Reformed confessionalism
  topic: keywords
subject: quia and quatenus subscription
  topic: keywords
creator: Roy Bartle
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Roy S. Bartle https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-09-12
publication date: 2025-09-12
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2614

Calvinus Africanus
type: item
description: Buiten belangrike mylpale ten opsigte van Calvyn en Suid-Afrika in die eerste helfte van die 20ste eeu (die stigting van die Calvyn Jubileum Boekefonds (CJBF) in 1909, die oprigting van die Koers-vereniging in 1926 gepaardgaande met Koers bulletin sedert 1935, enkele studies oor Calvyn en sy werk, die vestiging van ‘n Calvinistiese filosofie deur bv. HG Stoker en andere en die drie bande Koers in die krisis deur die Federasie van die Calvinistiese Studenteverenigings in Suid-Afrika) was dit veral tydens die tweede helfte van die 20ste eeu wat ‘n opbloei in Calvyn-belangstelling geblyk het. Dié opbloeiing is die fokus van hierdie bydrae. Hierdie toenemende aandag wat op Calvyn toegespits was, het op drie maniere tot uitdrukking gekom: eerstens deur akademiese studies, insluitend proefskrifte oor Calvyn en sy werk; tweedens deur inisiatiewe vir die bevordering van amptelike Calvynnavorsing (soos kongresse), veral as resultaat van die momentum wat gekry is na aanleiding van die Internasionale Calvynnavorsingskongres (eers gehou in 1974 en 1978), wat sedert 1980 tot reëlmatige Suid-Afrikaanse kongresse gelei het; en derdens deur die aanpak van ‘n groot, omvattende projek om Calvyn se werke in Afrikaans vertaal. Daarmee het Suid-Afrika – spesifiek die Afrikaanse Calvynwerke – deel geword van die wêreldgemeenskap van Calvynvertalings langs groot taalgroepe soos Engels, Nederlands, Duits en Koreaans, om enkeles te noem. Calvinus Africanus. Calvin and Calvin Research in South Africa in the late 20th century – A Chronicle Apart from significant milestones regarding Calvin and South Africa in the first half of the 20th century—such as the establishment of the Calvin Jubilee Book Fund (CJBF) in 1909, the founding of the Koers association in 1926 along with the Koers Bulletin since 1935, some studies on Calvin and his work, the development of a Calvinist philosophy by figures like H.G. Stoker and others, and the three-volume Koers in die Krisis published by the Federation of Ca…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Calvin and South Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: Calvin research
  topic: keywords
subject: Calvin translations
  topic: keywords
subject: Calvin congresses
  topic: keywords
creator: Victor D’Assonville
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Victor D’Assonville https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-03-28
publication date: 2025-03-28
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2613

Kuyperania in 2021and 2023
type: item
description: This article reviews works published in the English language in 2021 and 2023 by or about the Dutch polymath Abraham Kuyper (1837-1920). The works under review here illuminate Kuyper’s continuing influence across a number of disciplines. These works testify to Kuyper's ongoing relevance to modern discourse, furthering investigation and research into his multifaceted contributions to theology and public life. The reviewed works remark on how relevant Kuyper's writings remain, addressing issues such as poverty, wealth, and the social question, while drawing connections to modern problems such as the sciences, globalization, pluralism, public theology, and the disenchantment of art. OPSOMMING Hierdie artikel gee 'n oorsig oor werke wat in 2021 en 2023 in Engels deur of oor die Nederlandse veelweter Abraham Kuyper (1837-1920) gepubliseer is. Die werke wat hier behandel word, werp lig op Kuyper se voortgesette invloed op verskeie dissiplines. Hierdie werke getuig van Kuyper se deurlopende relevansie in die moderne diskoers en voer ondersoek na en navorsing oor sy veelsydige bydraes tot teologie en die openbare lewe verder. Die werke meld hoe relevant Kuyper se geskrifte steeds bly; hy bespreek kwessies soos armoede, rykdom, en die sosiale vraag, en hy bring dit in verband met moderne probleme soos die wetenskappe, globalisering, pluralisme, openbare teologie en die ontgogeling van kuns. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2606
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Abraham Kuyper
  topic: keywords
subject: business
  topic: keywords
subject: economics
  topic: keywords
subject: natural sciences
  topic: keywords
subject: pluralism
  topic: keywords
subject: public theology
  topic: keywords
subject: spirituality
  topic: keywords
creator: Steve Bishop
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Steve Bishop https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-04-11
publication date: 2025-04-11
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2606

Gelykheid as rewolusionêre begrip by die ANC en Groen van Prinsterer:
type: item
description: Gelykheid is sedert die ontstaan van die ANC ’n kernbegrip in die party se ideologiese raamwerk. Hierdie strewe na gelykheid kom duidelik na vore in verskeie sleuteldokumente, maar die vraag oor hoe die ANC gelykheid teoreties verstaan en in die praktyk toepas, bly kompleks en onvoldoende nagevors. ’n Ondersoek na hierdie bronne dui daarop dat die party gelykheid nie net in die klassieke sin van die woord, as gelykheid voor die reg, verstaan word nie, maar eerder as ’n rewolusionêre gelykheid wat beslag moet vind op sosio-ekonomiese gebied. Die ANC se konsep van gelykheid moet geplaas word binne ’n breër historiese debat oor die aard van gelykheid, wat sy oorsprong in die Verligting het. Hierdie rewolusionêre idee, met wortels in die denke van Jean-Jacques Rousseau en Karl Marx, is in diepte bekritiseer deur die Nederlandse staatsman Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer. Hy het gewaarsku dat hierdie soort gelykheid samelewingsverbande kan ondermyn, sosiale samehorigheid kan skade doen en eiendomsregte kan skend. Hierdie kritiek beklemtoon die belangrikheid daarvan om af te sien van ’n ideologiese raamwerk wat teenproduktief op samelewings inwerk, ten einde burgerlike vryhede en sosiale vooruitgang te beskerm – ook in Suid-Afrika se hedendaagse politieke konteks. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2604
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: ANC
  topic: keywords
subject: Gelykheid
  topic: keywords
subject: Guillaume Groen van Prinsterer
  topic: keywords
subject: Nasionale Demokratiese Rewolusie
  topic: keywords
creator: Paul Maritz
creator: Jan Adriaan Schlebusch
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Paul Maritz, Dr Jan Adriaan Schlebusch https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-08-01
publication date: 2025-08-01
doi: 10.19108/

Egbert Schuurman: Reformational Philosopher of Technology
type: item
description: The life and work of Egbert Schuurman (b. 1937), a prominent figure in the field of the Reformational philosophy of technology, is examined. The article briefly discusses Schuurman’s background, academic journey, and key works before highlighting key themes of his approach. These themes include the problems of the Enlightenment, particularly its religious dogma of progress and human autonomy, technicism, and an ethics of responsibility. The reception of Schuurman’s work is examined, and his Reformational approach is highlighted. OPSOMMING Die lewe en werk van Egbert Schuurman (geb. 1937), ’n bekende figuur in die veld van Reformatoriese filosofie van tegnologie, word ondersoek. Hierdie artikel bespreek kortliks Schuurman se agtergrond, akademiese reis en sleutelwerke voordat die hooftemas van sy benadering uitgelig word. Sodanige temas sluit die probleme van die Verligting in, veral die godsdienstige dogma van vordering en menslike outonomie, tegnisisme en ’n verantwoordelikeheidsetiek. Die ontvangs van Schuurman se werke word ondersoek, met die klem op sy Reformatoriese benadering. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2599
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Egbert Schuurman
  topic: keywords
subject: Reformational Philosophy
  topic: keywords
subject: neo-Calvinism
  topic: keywords
subject: Technicism
  topic: keywords
subject: Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: The Enlightenment
  topic: keywords
creator: Steve Bishop
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Steve Bishop https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-09-26
publication date: 2025-09-26
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2599

Die Volkeregtelike Status van die Afgevaardigdes dan die Boererepublieke by die Vrede van 31 Mei 1902
type: item
description: OPSOMMING Die Anglo-Boereoorlog van 1899-1902 met sy kern Boer teen Brit betree teen middel 1900, met die Britse anneksering van die Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek en die Republiek van die Oranje Vrystaat, ’n tyd van guerrilla-oorlogvoering deur die Boere. Hierdie oorlog eindig met vredesluiting op 31 Mei 1902. Die “nagenoeg” 20 779 Boere (vgl. Pretorius, 2001:21) wat in hierdie fase aan Boerekant geveg het, dra die naam Bittereinders. Hierdie Boere wat tot die einde van die oorlog – hulle het onder mekaar gepraat van die bittereinde – met verset teen die Britse imperialisme sou volhard, sou daarna ŉ aantoonbare invloed op die historiese verloop van staatkundige sake in Suid-Afrika hê. In oorleg met lord Kitchener, opperbevelhebber van die Britse magte in Suid-Afrika, het die Boere ’n beraad van 60 vegtende Boere of Bittereinders vir die laaste twee weke van Mei 1902 op Vereeniging gereël wat oor ’n vrede onder omstandighede vir die Boere moes besluit. Die verteenwoordigers op hierdie Boereberaad is deur die vegtende burgers as stemvolk aangewys. Aan die begin van die beraad het die 60 Boere aanvaar dat hulle uit ’n volkeregtelike hoek die status van gevolmagtigde verteenwoordigers van die burgers “te velde” gehad het wat namens die twee republieke oor vrede met Brittanje moes besluit. Dit het beteken dat hulle die gees onder hulle genote moes verreken, maar ook eie insig kon gebruik in die hantering van dit wat hulle by medeafgevaardigdes, kommando’s en ander mense in die oorlog gehoor het. Hulle was gevolmagtigde gesante wat op ’n sinvolle vrede vir die Boere in die omstandighede moes besluit. Sekere faktore sou hierdie status bevestig. Die beraad moes finaal oor die moontlikheid van vrede vir die Boere besluit. ŉ Kommissie van 10 uit die 60 wat die regerings van die twee republieke verteenwoordig het, het die Vrede van Vereeniging soos deur die beraad aanvaar, geteken. Daardeur het die vredesverdrag wat op die Britse voorstelle gebaseer was, ’n bindende ooreenkoms v…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: bittere einde
  topic: keywords
subject: Anglo-Boereoorlog van 1899-1902
  topic: keywords
subject: bekende oortuigings van Bittereinders
  topic: keywords
subject: boere moet vergewe
  topic: keywords
subject: volkeregtelike status van Boereverteenwoordigers in Mei 1902
  topic: keywords
subject: ZAR en die Rep. OVS verteenwoordig deur Bittereinders
  topic: keywords
subject: Suid-Afrikaanse Oorlog
  topic: keywords
creator: Pieter Johannes Strauss
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Prof P.J. Strauss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-08-29
publication date: 2025-08-29
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2596

The environmental crisis: A religious solution?
type: item
description: The earth and its inhabitants are facing an impending environmental catastrophe. Despite remarkable technological advancements and sophisticated economic strategies, the situation continues to worsen at an alarming rate. The growing demand for higher living standards exacerbates the exploitation of resources, contributing to environmental degradation. Human greed and interpersonal competition drive the rapid extraction of natural resources, leading to the degradation of the planet’s ecological foundation. Therefore, the solution does not lie in enhanced or restrained technological progress, educational programmes or new economic theories but in transforming human attitudes and aspirations, profoundly shaped by socio-economic and cultural-historical contexts. In this context, religion plays a crucial role in shaping individuals’ worldviews. Most religious teachings advocate for the responsible use of resources, together with love and respect towards other human beings. If these core principles of environmental stewardship and care for others, along with the warnings against greed and the dangers of wealth, were more actively embraced, the current environmental crisis could have been avoided. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2581
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Environmental crisis
  topic: keywords
subject: greed
  topic: keywords
subject: love
  topic: keywords
subject: nature
  topic: keywords
subject: religion
  topic: keywords
creator: Leon Hugo
creator: Jean Hugo
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Leon Hugo, Jean Hugo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-02-28
publication date: 2025-02-28
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2581

’n Reformatoriese Kindbeskouing: In watter mate kom dit tot sy reg in die Suid-Afrikaanse Onderwysreg en -Jurisprudensie?
type: item
description: 'n Opvoedingsfilosoof en ’n onderwysregskundige span kragte saam om vas te stel tot welke mate die kernaspekte van ’n Reformatoriese kindbeskouing tot hul reg in die internasionale en Suid-Afrikaanse onderwysregsbestel kom. Die eerste deel van die artikel verskaf ’n filosofies-Reformatoriese kinderantropologie as prinsipiële grondslag, tesame met rigtingwysers vir die daaropvolgende (onderwys)regtelike ondersoek. Die ondersoek bring aan die lig dat Reformatoriese opvoeders in die huidige tydsgewrig nog taamlik rustig en tevrede kan wees met hoe die (onderwys)reg en -regspleging in Suid-Afrika ten opsigte van die belange van kinders behartig word. Daar was egter in die onlangse verlede verwikkelinge wat op gevaar dui, tesame met sake wat in die toekoms meer aandag sal moet geniet. A Reformational view of the child: To what extent is justice done to it in international and South African pedagogical jurisprudence? ABSTRACT A philosopher of education and an education law expert join forces to establish to what degree justice has been done to the core aspects of Reformational child anthropology in the current international and South African education jurisprudence system. The first part of the article provides a philosophical Reformational child anthropology as a foundational basis, together with guidelines for the subsequent (education) legal investigation. The investigation reveals that Reformational educators could be relatively content, for the time being, about how (education) law and jurisprudence in South Africa concerning children are administered. However, there have been recent developments indicating danger, along with matters that will require more attention in the future.
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: kind
  topic: keywords
subject: kinderantropologie
  topic: keywords
subject: onderwysregspleging
  topic: keywords
subject: onderwysreg
  topic: keywords
subject: reformatories
  topic: keywords
subject: kindberbeskouing
  topic: keywords
subject: opvoeding
  topic: keywords
subject: onderwys
  topic: keywords
creator: Johannes Lodewicus van der Walt
creator: Izak J Oosthuizen
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Hannes van der Walt, Izak J Oosthuizen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2024-12-13
publication date: 2024-12-13
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2595

“The poor man’s son” and Adam Smith’s theory of beauty
type: item
description: The article's novelty is its focus on the role of Smith’s theory of beauty and its implications for utility in the narrative of ‘The Poor Man’s Son’. From this point of view, the narrative contains Smith’s criticism of the misguided view of the beauty of utility and affirmation of harmonious systems. Adam Smith’s narrative of ‘The Poor Man’s Son’ in his book The Theory of Moral Sentiments [1759] has received significant attention from scholars. Recently, three modes of interpretation can be distinguished. The first group follows a mode of interpretation from the world of the text, which is literal and regards the narrative as Smith’s support of beneficence. The narrative is perceived as Smith’s criticism of commerce and consumerism in pursuing happiness. Secondly, reading from the world behind the text, others pay more attention to historical and material aspects and argue that the narrative warns against misplaced ambition and affirms the virtue of commerce. Thirdly, when reading from the world in front of the text, the reception of the text is focal, and the emphasis shifts to the tension between beneficence and commercial prowess in Smith's work. The problem with all three interpretations is that the nature of beauty, utility and commerce is not explored. In this article, a discourse analysis of the narrative in its wider context reveals an alternative interpretation based on Smith’s theory of beauty that has important implications for contemporary digital technology and systems. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2594
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Adam Smith
  topic: keywords
subject: beauty
  topic: keywords
subject: utility
  topic: keywords
subject: commerce
  topic: keywords
creator: Mark Rathbone
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mark Rathbone https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-05-16
publication date: 2025-05-16
doi: 10.19108/

Forming Learners Through Citizenship Education to Recognise and Counter Lawlessness in their Surroundings
type: item
description: Due to various conditions, countries such as Venezuela, Nigeria, and South Africa suffer from lawlessness (disregard of norms and rules of society) today, threatening their social fabric. It is contended on the basis of the situation in South Africa that citizenship education is arguably a suitable vehicle (in combination with, for instance, religion education, moral education, and forgiveness education) for offering tolerance, forgiveness, hospitality, and reconciliation education in schools, all of these as means for counteracting lawless (deviant, errant) behaviour. Thus far, reflection on citizenship education has, however, been characterised by conceptual uncertainty, controversy, and a wide range of applications in practice. The paper reports on theoretical interpretive-constructivist research. This research is aimed at the question of how citizenship education could be employed to form (equip, educate) young people so that they can be able to display morally justifiable behaviour and recognise and counteract lawlessness wherever they encounter it in their lifeworld. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2458 Opsomming Te wyte aan verskeie omstandighede is die burgers van ‘n hele aantal lande regoor die wêreld - insluitend Venezuela, Nigerië en Suid-Afrika – aan die een of ander vorm van wetteloosheid blootgestel (die verontagsaming van die gangbare wette of norme van die land en die samelewing), en dit kan uiters nadelig wees vir die welsyn van die samelewing. Op grond van ‘n ontleding van die situasie in Suid-Afrika word aangevoer dat burgerskapsonderwys - in kombinasie met byvoorbeeld godsdiensonderwys, morele onderwys en vergifnisonderwys - ‘n bruikbare instrument in skole kan wees om wetteloosheid (afwykende en normverontagsamende gedrag) teen te werk. Tot dusver was die besinning oor burgerskapsonderwys egter gekenmerk deur konseptuele onsekerheid, meningsverskille en ‘n wye verskeidenheid toepassings in die praktyk. Dié artikel doen verslag oor teoretiese…
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: lawlessness
  topic: keywords
subject: Citizenship Education
  topic: keywords
subject: globalism
  topic: keywords
subject: morally justifiable behaviour
  topic: keywords
subject: anomie
  topic: keywords
subject: wetteloosheid
  topic: keywords
subject: Burgerskapsonderys
  topic: keywords
subject: globalisme
  topic: keywords
subject: moreel regverdigbare gedrag
  topic: keywords
subject:
  topic: keywords
creator: Johannes Lodewicus Van der Walt
creator: Ferdinand J Potgieter
creator: Charl C Wolhuter
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Johannes Lodewicus Van der Walt, Ferdinand J Potgieter, Charl C Wolhuter https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2024-08-30
publication date: 2024-08-30
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2458

Spirituality in the workplace in South Africa:
type: item
description: Background: Spirituality is a multi-dimensional concept that involves a person’s pursuit of well-being through connections with oneself, others, nature, and the transcendent. Spirituality in the workplace encompasses the integration of spirituality into organisational and work dynamics. Purpose: This systematic literature review sourced and synthesised empirical research evidence to explore the influence and experience of perceived spirituality in the workplace on workers in the South African workplace. Methodology: The systematic literature review plan was registered on the Open Science Framework. Keyword searches were conducted, and studies were screened following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) process and checklist. Specific inclusion and exclusion criteria informed the second screening and review of articles. Thirty-one articles fit the specific criteria for inclusion in the review. Relevant data was extracted using thematic analysis. Findings/results: The respondents in the various studies spanned public and private sectors, encompassing various professions and ethnicities. The articles reviewed indicated that the perception of spirituality in the workplace manifested in a variety of constructs and concepts, positively influencing and impacting individual, group, and organisational levels. The review indicated that nuanced contextual differences may play a role in the experience of spirituality in the South African workplace. Practical implications: The literature review suggests potential constructs for understanding workplace spirituality in South Africa, with future research potential for constructing a framework fostering a pluralistic model of spirituality at work. Originality/value: Understanding spirituality in the South African work context could assist in bringing about more productive and healthy organisations. Provided data also forms a basis for developing a potential framework for implementing spirit…
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: spirituality
  topic: keywords
subject: workplace
  topic: keywords
subject: South Africa
  topic: keywords
subject: systematic literature review
  topic: keywords
subject: organisational psychology
  topic: keywords
creator: Marita Heyns
creator: Tessa De Wet
creator: Vasti Marais-Opperman
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Prof Marita Heyns, Dr Tessa De Wet, Dr Vasti Marais-Opperman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2024-06-21
publication date: 2024-06-21
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2590

Emma Renzi: Van operasangeres tot sangpedagoog:
type: item
description: OPSOMMING Hierdie artikel is in ‘n sekere sin ŉ outobiografie oor Emma Renzi, wat op 8 April 2023 97 jaar oud geword het. Renzi was ‘n internasionaal erkende Suid-Afrikaanse operasangeres wat in die tweede fase van haar roemryke loopbaan ook ‘n pedagoog en rolmodel vir talle sangers was. Die oorgang van sangeres tot besonder begaafde pedagoog was ŉ doelbewuste besluit wat sy geneem het om volgens haar oortuigings haar lewe en haar talente op die mees doelmatige wyse te kon uitleef. Dit is hierdie lewensloop wat in hierdie artikel onder die loep geneem en ontleed word. Vanweë die aard van ons verbintenis gaan die gesprekke in hierdie artikel oor Renzi se professionele loopbaan, haar herinneringe aan ‘n spesifieke era, tegniese aspekte in die onderrig van sang en uitdagings van ‘n professionele sangloopbaan. Die rykdom van Renzi se eerstehandse ervaringe en kennis van style in verskillende genres van sang is van onskatbare waarde vir die ontwikkeling van jong sangers en dosente. Dit is ook van historiese belang vir Suid-Afrikaners om die nalatenskap van ‘n sanger te vereer wat tydens haar loopbaan internasionale roem verwerf het en dit haar lewenstaak gemaak het om die insigte wat sy verwerf het aan haar studente oor te dra. Op hierdie wyse het sy hulle dus gevorm met professionaliteit, deernis en insig om self roemryke en vervullende loopbane te volg. Outobiografiese navorsing sluit narratiewe asook die siening van ander gesaghebbendes in oor die geleefde ervaringe en die betekenis daarvan vir sangers en sangpedagoë. In hierdie studie was dit daarom moontlik om studente te lei en te vorm en nie bloot te onderrig nie. ‘n Raamwerk vir die artikel is gebou deur situasies asook spesiale ervaringe en uitdagings te beskryf. Probleme, lewensomstandighede en die informele interaksie tussen Renzi en die gehoor, dirigente, medesangers, agente en studente word uitgelig. Uiteindelik word daar op die betekenis van Renzi se loopbaan vir Suid-Afrikaners gewys. Renzi se geleefde erv…
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: Emma Renzi
  topic: keywords
subject: outobiografiese navorsings-ondersteunde onderrig
  topic: keywords
subject: sangpedagogiek
  topic: keywords
subject: professionele sangloopbaan
  topic: keywords
subject: betekenis vir sangonderwysers
  topic: keywords
creator: Antoinette Olivier
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Antoinette Olivier https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2024-06-21
publication date: 2024-06-21
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2589

The challenges of principals' dual roles in South African public schools
type: item
description: Principals play a central role in the implementation of educational policies, functioning as intermediaries between the Department of Basic Education and school governing bodies. In their dual capacities as representatives of the head of department and ex-officio members of governing bodies, principals significantly influence the operationalisation of both national and local policies within schools. These responsibilities shape their interactions with both the employer and the governing body. This study explores the challenges that principals encounter in fulfilling their dual roles in policy implementation, particularly as they navigate and attempt to reconcile often conflicting expectations. Employing a qualitative research methodology and an exploratory case study design, data were systematically collected and analysed through coding techniques. The findings reveal the complex landscape principals navigate, characterised by tensions between directives from the Department of Basic Education and the advocacy of school governing bodies, which reflect parental interests. The study further underscores the importance of integrating democratic principles and Christian values into the implementation of educational policies, advocating for inclusive participation, shared decision-making, and mutual respect – principles deemed essential for fostering just and effective governance within schools. ABSTRAK Skoolhoofde vervul ’n sentrale funksie in die implementering van onderwysbeleide deur as intermediêre gesagsfigure tussen die Departement van Basiese Onderwys en skoolbeheerliggame op te tree. In hul dubbele rolle as verteenwoordigers van die hoof van die provinsiale departement van onderwys, sowel as ex officio-lede van skoolbeheerliggame, speel skoolhoofde ’n bepalende rol in die implementering en operasionalisering van beide nasionale en plaaslike onderwysbeleide binne skole. Hierdie verantwoordelikhede beïnvloed skoolhoofde se interaksies met sowel die werkgewer as die …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Autonomy
  topic: keywords
subject: cooperative governance
  topic: keywords
subject: dysfunctional school
  topic: keywords
subject: functional schools
  topic: keywords
subject: professional management
  topic: keywords
creator: Johan Kruger
creator: Andre Du Plessis
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. Johan H.C. Kruger, Prof Andre Du Plessis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2025-04-25
publication date: 2025-04-25
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.90.1.2577

Die histories-teoretiese verband tussen postmodernisme en marxistiese epistemologie: ’n Christelike perspektief
type: item
description: Postmodernisme se epistemologie, wat vir die bevordering van antimetanarratiewe, se kernintelligentsia bekend is, toon duidelike marxistiese vooronderstellings. Akademici het al verskeie pogings aangewend om ‘n verband tussen postmodernisme en marxisme aan te toon. Postmodernisme se bevordering van antimetanarratiewe en die positiewe gesindheid wat teenoor die marxistiese metanarratief in sommige van hierdie denkrigtings sigbaar is, skep ‘n anomalie. Binne die historiese ontwikkeling van marxisme kan elemente van hierdie anomalie beter verstaan word. Die artikel toon aan hoe die mislukkings van kommunisme histories bygedra het tot sommige aspekte wat binne postmodernistiese epistemologie ontwikkel het. Hieruit blyk dit dat hoewel die postmodernistiese epistemologie antimetanarratief ingestel is sommige postmodernistiesgesinde akademici dit as ‘n tegniek gebruik om absolutisties-marxistiese idees te bevorder. Hierby is sosialegeregtigheidsbewegings waaraan sommige Christelike groeperinge deelneem, ingesluit. The historical-theoretical connection between postmodernism and marxist epistemology: A Christian perspective Abstract Postmodernism, known for its epistemology that promotes anti-metanarratives, has a core intelligentsia that shows explicit marxist assumptions. Academics have made various attempts to demonstrate a connection between postmodernism and marxism. The promotion of anti-metanarratives within postmodernism and the positive attitude towards the marxist metanarrative visible in some of these schools of thought create an anomaly. Within the historical development of marxism, elements of this anomaly can be better understood. The article illustrates how the historical failures of communism contributed to certain aspects that developed within postmodernist epistemology. It becomes evident that although postmodernist epistemology is anti-metanarrative in nature, it is used by some postmodernist-inclined academics as a technique to promote absolutist marxist …
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: Dekonstruksionisme
  topic: keywords
subject: Epistemologie
  topic: keywords
subject: Karl Marx
  topic: keywords
subject: Kommunisme
  topic: keywords
subject: Metanarratiewe
  topic: keywords
subject: Postmodernisme
  topic: keywords
subject: Sosiale Geregtigheid Bewegings
  topic: keywords
creator: M. Diedericks
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 M. Diedericks https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2024-10-04
publication date: 2024-10-04
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2574

Collaborative conversations with teachers about hope: during and after Covid-19
type: item
description: The concept of hope, from both a secular and Christian perspective, has been debated in many disciplines for centuries. Ideas around the phenomenon of hope have recently expanded in the field of education, owing to the major changes and challenges teachers had to face during the COVID-19 pandemic. Contemplating the concept of the source or existence of hope, especially during challenging times, requires careful investigation into how people interpret and experience hope. Therefore, this qualitative study focuses on teachers’ interpretations and experiences of hope during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted through two collaborative conversations held with teachers as part of a community engagement project stretching across the duration of the COVID-19 pandemic. Deductive data analysis was done through ATLAS.ti. The findings revealed that the teachers had a similar understanding of hope. Furthermore, it was also found that hope cannot be described solely from a secular or Christian perspective. However, the participants’ beliefs regarding the source of hope differed. These beliefs provided insight into whether participants’ understanding of hope was based on a secular or Christian perspective. From a secular perspective, hope was understood from the hope theory of Snyder et al. (1991). According to this theory, hope results from pathways thinking (planning various routes to a given goal), agency to reach a goal, and goal setting. In contrast, from a Christian perspective, hope views God as the source of hope owing to his promises. The invisible force of hope, whether agency-based or faith-based, was found to be central to teacher agency; therefore, the term “faith-based, purpose-driven hope” emerged from the data. Recommendations are made regarding the importance of nurturing teachers’ hope to improve educational outcomes. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2573 Daar is al eeue lank in baie dissiplines oor hoop as konsep, uit ‘n sekulêre sowel …
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: Christian hope
  topic: keywords
subject: Covid-19 pandemic
  topic: keywords
subject: goal-orientated
  topic: keywords
subject: hope theory
  topic: keywords
subject: pathways thinking
  topic: keywords
subject: secular hope
  topic: keywords
subject: teachers
  topic: keywords
subject: teacher agency
  topic: keywords
creator: Nadia Swanepoel
creator: Joyce West
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Nadia Swanepoel, Dr Joyce West https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2024-08-30
publication date: 2024-08-30
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2573

Kuyperania 2022
type: item
description: This article looks at new works published in 2022 by or about the Dutch polymath Abraham Kuyper (1837-1920). https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.88.1.2554
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Abraham Kuyper
  topic: keywords
subject: Klaas Schilder
  topic: keywords
subject: neo-Calvinism
  topic: keywords
subject: Charity & Justice
  topic: keywords
subject: Lectures on Calvinism
  topic: keywords
creator: Steve Bishop
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Steve Bishop https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2023-06-09
publication date: 2023-06-09
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.88.1.2554

Gereformeerde pietisme, neoplatonisme en pre-Romantieke teodisee in die Voortrekkervrou Susanna Smit (1799-1863) se godsdienstige dagboeke
type: item
description: Reformed Pietism, neo-Platonism and pre-Romantic Theodicy in the spiritual diaries of the Voortrekker woman Susanna Smit (1799-1863) The first half of the eighteenth century witnessed a resurgence of Platonism in literature generally and in theology in Germany en Holland in particular, because of the appeal Plato’s ideas held for the distinction between immanent and transcendental reality, man’s quest for unity with the Good, and the human soul as the vehicle for uniting with God. Because most human beings are preoccupied with material things, Plato believed they need to have their thoughts turned to the immaterial reality behind the material world, and thus to be weaned away from the objects of their passions. To Plato the world is more than a world of appearances. Behind each particular thing is the idea or form of the thing. Moreover, the ideas or forms are all ultimately related to the Form of the Good. Plato believed that the soul is an immaterial entity, which in some ways is like the Forms. Particularly revealing to the emerging trend of Romanticism was Plato’s philosophical transcending of sceptical and materialistic views of reality, the notion that those who know what is good will love and desire it, and that moral virtue is of itself a prerequisite to knowing the good. The problem presented itself as to how sinful man and chaos in the world can be brought in accordance with God’s perfect and sinless nature. Because Plato’s view of human improvement by means of education and salvation through personal virtue is far removed from the Christian message of redemption by a loving, personal God, Pietists reverted to the neo-Platonism legacy of love mysticism to resolve the dualism inherent to the Romantic juxtaposition of the immanent and the transcendent. The Voortrekker woman Susanna Smit reflected these influences in her Reformed Pietistic spirituality and re-interpreted the Christian conviction of the love of God and man’s salvation by relying on neo-Platoni…
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: Reformed
  topic: keywords
subject: Pietism
  topic: keywords
subject: neo-Platonism
  topic: keywords
subject: pre-Romantic
  topic: keywords
subject: Theodicy
  topic: keywords
creator: AWG Raath
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 AWG Raath https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2023-06-09
publication date: 2023-06-09
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.88.1.2551

Die rapportering van beserings in Meganiese Tegnologie-skoolwerkswinkels met die oog op die skep van `n geborgenheidsruimte vir die leerders.
type: item
description: Artikel 24 van die Wet op Beroepsgesondheid en -veiligheid (85 van 1993) bepaal dat alle beserings in werkwinkels gerapporteer moet word. Tegnologie-onderwysers het ook volgens die gemenereg ŉ regsplig om sulke beserings aan te meld. Sorgvuldige rekordhouding van ongelukke is een van die maniere wat gebruik kan word om ongelukke te voorkom en sodoende ŉ veilige werksomgewing te skep. Hierdie artikel doen verslag oor bevindings van ŉ ondersoek waartydens gebruik gemaak is van gemengde navorsingsmetodes by 220 tegniese skole in Suid-Afrika wat Meganiese Tegnologie as vak aanbied. Die doel van die studie was om die huidige stand van veiligheidsbestuur in werkswinkels in terme van die aanmelding van beserings en die rekordhouding daarvan kwantitatief en kwalitatief te bepaal. Die ondersoek het getoon dat daar nog ‘n aansienlike mate van onkunde by die deelnemende onderwysers bestaan oor die voorgeskrewe aanmeldingsprosedures van beserings en die rekordhouding daarvan. In die lig van hierdie bevinding word aanbeveel dat Meganiese Tegnologie-onderwysers groter kennis behoort te dra van hulle wetlike verpligtinge en verantwoordelikhede ten opsigte van die veiligheid van die leerders in die werkswinkels. Sodanige verdiepte kennis behoort hulle ook in staat te stel om hulle werkswinkels te omskep tot geborgenheidsruimtes vir hulle leerders. ABSTRACT Section 24 of the Occupational Health and Safety Act (85 of 1993) stipulates that all injuries in workshops must be reported. Technology teachers also have a legal duty under common law to report such injuries. Meticulous record keeping of accidents is one of the strategies that can be employed to prevent accidents, thereby creating a safe working environment. This article reports on the findings of an investigation using mixed research methods at 220 technical schools in South Africa that offer Mechanical Technology as a subject. The aim of the study was to quantitatively and qualitatively determine the current state of safety m…
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: Geborgenheid,
  topic: keywords
subject: de minimis non curat lex,
  topic: keywords
subject: insident,
  topic: keywords
subject: ongeluk,
  topic: keywords
subject: veiligheidsbeleid,
  topic: keywords
subject: versorgingsplig,
  topic: keywords
subject: werkswinkels
  topic: keywords
creator: Coenraad Jurgens
creator: Marius Hilgardt Smit
creator: Johannes L Van der Walt
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Coenraad Jurgens, Marius H Smit, Johannes L Van der Walt https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2023-06-09
publication date: 2023-06-09
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.88.1.2549

A public health ethics framework for the older community
type: item
description: An ethical framework for dealing with geriatric communities is mostly absent in developing countries. This article presents an ethics framework for public health that can be used to address older persons' communities and their associated vulnerability. A mixed methods approach was used for the design of this framework. A principal component analysis was employed to summarise the information content. The rotated component matrix identified nine determinants from the survey outcome. A five-point Likert scale rated fifty statements relevant to care for older persons. The rating of the mentioned statements confirmed that social determinants influence older persons' health. Furthermore, such statements' ratings also highlighted the role of government and support systems in the care of older persons. The evident link between social determinants and ethics was noteworthy, as well as the fact that social determinants contribute towards ethical challenges. It was further confirmed that an ethical framework could contribute towards health and judgements concerning older communities. Opsomming ‘n Etiese raamwerk met die oog op die hantering van ouer gemeenskappe is meestal nie beskikbaar in ontwikkelende lande nie. Hierdie artikel bied ‘n etiek-raamwerk vir openbare gesondheid wat gebruik kan word om ouerpersone-gemeenskappe en hul gepaardgaande broosheid te hanteer. Vir die ontwerp van hierdie raamwerk is ’n gemengdemetode-benadering gebruik. ‘n Hoofkomponentanalise is aangewend om die inhoud van die inligting op te som. Die gedraaide komponentmatriks het nege faktore geïdentifiseer wat op die uitkoms van die opname/dataversameling gebaseer is. ‘n Vyfpunt-Likertskaal is gebruik om stellings wat op die sorg van ouer persone betrekking het te takseer. Die taksering van die genoemde stellings het bevestig dat sosiale faktore ’n invloed op die gesondheid van ouer persone uitoefen. Voorts het die taksering van die sodanige stellings ook die owerheid en ondersteuningstelsels se rol…
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: ethical challenges
  topic: keywords
subject: geriatric community
  topic: keywords
subject: healthcare
  topic: keywords
subject: older persons
  topic: keywords
subject: social determinants
  topic: keywords
creator: Laetus Lategan
creator: Gert Van Zyl
creator: Willem Kruger
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Laetus Lategan, Prof Gert J van Zyl, Prof. Willem Kruger https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2024-12-13
publication date: 2024-12-13
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2548

Abraham Kuyper and Natural Theology
type: item
description: This paper explores Kuyper’s approach to natural theology and general revelation. Kuyper’s view of natural theology was that it is important but limited. Kuyper rejected the view that general revelation provides the foundations for special revelation as it results in the autonomy of reason. Furthermore, he rejected natural theology as rational proof or argument for the existence and nature of God. He distinguished but did not separate general and special revelation from each other. Kuyper also accepted “creational revelation”, which is a better term for his view of general revelation. OPSOMMING Hierdie artikel ondersoek Kuyper se benadering tot natuurlike teologie en algemene openbaring. Kuyper se siening van natuurlike teologie was dat dit belangrik maar beperk is. Kuyper het die siening verwerp dat algemene openbaring die grondslag vir spesiale openbaring bied, aangesien dit tot die outonomie van die rede lei. Verder het hy natuurlike teologie as rasionele bewys of argument vir die bestaan en aard van God verwerp. Hy het tussen algemene en spesiale openbaring onderskei, maar dit nie van mekaar geskei nie. Kuyper het ook “skeppingsopenbaring” aanvaar, wat ‘n meer gepaste begrip vir sy siening van algemene openbaring is. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2547
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Kuyper
  topic: keywords
subject: natural theology
  topic: keywords
subject: common grace
  topic: keywords
subject: general revelation
  topic: keywords
subject: special revelation
  topic: keywords
creator: Steve Bishop
creator: David Kristanto
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Steve Bishop, David Kristanto https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2024-10-04
publication date: 2024-10-04
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.89.1.2547

Habermas and the Caring Society: A Trans-disciplinary Feminist Critique
type: item
description: Jürgen Habermas’s rationalistic reimagining of a more compassionate society can be imaginatively defended by feminism, and one such legitimate line of criticism would be a feminist reading of this Frankfurt School-inspired project. In this contribution, therefore, I also aim to show ‘how’ and ‘why’ these efforts of Habermas’s could be complemented. The former is an exploration of novel post-structuralist ideas on inclusive ‘both/and’ theory appropriation. I briefly outline the nuanced intellectual history of the Frankfurt School between the first and second generations, which is Habermas’s seminal contribution to this tradition. Carol Gilligan’s ‘ethic of care,’ around which a more caring, responsive society might be (re)constructed, is then applied. Against this backdrop, Lakoff’s and Gerhardt’s proposals for the caring society, based on investigations into the link between authoritarian parenting and capitalism, are taken into consideration. These ideas are supported with an outline of recent progress within neuroscience that demonstrates the benefits of both early emotional nurturing and an appropriate attachment paradigm. It is thus argued that feminism, as part of a richer interdisciplinary methodology, could meaningfully correct and thereafter complement Habermas’s shortcomings, with post-structuralism as the methodological glue that adheres Habermas’s universalistic project with feminists’ emphases on specificity. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.88.1.2544
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: Habermas
  topic: keywords
subject: feminism
  topic: keywords
subject: critique of extractive capitalism
  topic: keywords
subject: Carol Gilligan’s ‘ethic of care’
  topic: keywords
subject: caring society
  topic: keywords
subject: eclectic methodological context
  topic: keywords
subject: ‘both/and’
  topic: keywords
creator: Casper Lötter
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Casper Lötter https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2023-06-23
publication date: 2023-06-23
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.88.1.2544

The Trinity, Sexuality, and Gender In Sarah Coakley's Thought
type: item
description: This paper focuses on the thoughts of Sarah Coakley who tried to enter into dialogue with the concepts of the trinity, sexuality, and gender. According to Coakley, the root cause of sexuality and gender lies in desire (eros). Coakley made a strong critique of Sigmund Freud’s thinking. If it was Freud who said the desire for God was really about sex, on the other hand, Coakley asserted, sexual desire was always about the desire for God. Coakley approaches the reality of the Trinity and relates it to the problem of human desire through contemplation. The practice of contemplation provides clues about how one can transcend existing gender and sexuality stereotypes. The contemplation that is at the heart of Coakley’s thinking plays a very important role in approaching the Trinity, and from there he addresses issues of sexuality and gender. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2538
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: Trinity
  topic: keywords
subject: Sexuality
  topic: keywords
subject: Gender
  topic: keywords
subject: Feminist
  topic: keywords
subject: Sarah Coakley
  topic: keywords
creator: Yohanes Krismantyo Susanta
creator: Yeremia Yordani Putra
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Yohanes Krismantyo Susanta, Yeremia Yordani Putra https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2022-12-12
publication date: 2022-12-12
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2538

Generaal JH De La Rey in Mei 1902:
type: item
description: General J.H. de la Rey in May 1902: a die-hard Boer opting for peace General J.H. (Koos) de la Rey was, according to historians, a Christian Afrikaner and a Boer aristocrat. Not only did he play a leading role in the Boer community of the old Transvaal – in the 1890s he was a well-known member of the Volksraad or highest governing authority in the South African Republic – but in the Anglo-Boer War of 1899–1902 he became a Boer general who distinguished himself by leading his burgers in attacks on British military structures and skirmishes on horseback. De la Rey became known as a military strategist of the first rank. In the run-up to the Anglo-Boer War, which started on 11 October 1899, De la Rey tried to avoid this war with Britain as long as he could. After the war became a reality, he gave himself for his country as a die-hard fighter or “bittereinder”: somebody who fights till the bitter end. Apart from his natural military abilities, General De la Rey had a soft spot and a feeling for stressed people. He helped badly wounded enemies and in May 1902, in Boer talks about peace, he listened with compassion to those Boers who had suffered much and pleaded for peace, convincing him that they had reached the end of their tether – literally the end of the bitter end. De la Rey did not speak much at meetings, but during the peace talks at Vereeniging from 15–31 May 1902, he urged and influenced his people to accept Britain’s peace proposals. In the end, De la Rey and the die-hard fighters among the Boers who had fought for their political independence against British imperialism fought for self-rule under British rule as soon as possible. De la Rey wanted the Afrikaner people to maintain their identity as a nation in new circumstances and not to be wiped out as a nation through the Anglo-Boer War. He died as a leader and a hero of his people in 1914. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2537
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
creator: Pieter Johannes Strauss
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Pieter Johannes Strauss https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2022-12-12
publication date: 2022-12-12
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2537

Workplace spirituality
type: item
description: In this article, the argument is developed that workplace spirituality can be used within practical theology to understand developments within the workplace. This can enable the church to give effective guidance to the congregation on finding meaning and purpose within the workplace. The value of workplace spirituality for both practical theology (as science) and the church (as organisation) will be debated in this article. In this article, it is accepted that workplace spirituality is not the same as religion even though the two concepts are not disjoint. This article first attends to workplace spirituality and then to the role of practical theology in workplace spirituality. Based on the discussion of the difference between religion and spirituality, and what spirituality is, including the dimensions of spirituality, the working definition used in this article is that workplace spirituality engenders spiritual growth and development of employees which creates purpose, meaning, and community within the organisational context. In the part on practical theology, it is argued that practical theology has three domains, namely the church, society, and academia (or science). The study presents the perspective that the workplace is a study focus for practical theology. The practice of workplace spirituality should be studied in practical theology thereafter practical theology can develop a faith-based approach to spirituality. This can be useful to understand the construct and practice of faith-based workplace spirituality without the one faith tradition dominating over the other. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2535
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: workplace spirituality
  topic: keywords
subject: practical theology
  topic: keywords
subject: religion
  topic: keywords
subject: responsibility
  topic: keywords
creator: Laetus Lategan
creator: Desere Kokt
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Laetus Lategan, Desere Kokt https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2022-09-01
publication date: 2022-09-01
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2535

Bridging the Divide in Cultural Capital?
type: item
description: More critical approaches are required in understanding the dynamics of creative economy and the interplay between its social, political and economic dimensions. Among the key contributions to the economic analysis of the creative economy are economist David Throsby, including his concept of ‘cultural capital’. This concept provides new ways of thinking of culture and value, primarily within a defined economic discourse. We also consider the work of Pierre Bourdieu on cultural capital and suggest that some form of synthesis of the two approach opens up possibilities. For one, such an exercise opens up debates within the academic discipline of economics, and secondly it allows fruitful interaction between economics and other social science discourses both disciplinary and transdisciplinary. It also provides us with understanding of the workings of the global economy and at a more abstruse level, to the ways in which contemporary capitalism is structured within the global economy. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2534
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: creative economy
  topic: keywords
subject: cultural capital
  topic: keywords
subject: Throsby
  topic: keywords
subject: Bourdieu
  topic: keywords
subject: possible synthesis
  topic: keywords
creator: Richard Haines
creator: Casper Lötter
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Richard Haines, Casper Lotter https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2022-09-09
publication date: 2022-09-09
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2534

Contemporary Orang Lom of Mapur Bangka: Religious Identity and its Transformation
type: item
description: This article investigates the construction of the religious identity of the indigenous Orang Lom of Mapur Bangka, Indonesia, and its transformation during contact with state formal religions of Indonesia. This research is ethnographically based on the observation and separate interviews involving key figures of the tribe, such as the Customary Chairperson, and the numerous members of the tribe. The result of the study indicated that Orang Lom still maintains their beliefs and the tribal cultural practice are still dominant. The contiguity between Orang Lom belief and formal religions particularly Islam has implications for non-sacred cultural practices, while sacred practices are still well preserved. https://doi.org/10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2533
subject: Original Research
  topic: section
subject: Orang Lom Bangka
  topic: keywords
subject: Indigenous people
  topic: keywords
subject: religious identity
  topic: keywords
subject: religious transformation
  topic: keywords
creator: Janawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2022 Janawi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
date: 2022-08-25
publication date: 2022-08-25
doi: 10.19108/KOERS.87.1.2533